Anal Fissures :
Anal fissures are described as splits or cracks that form in the lining of the anal canal, resulting in pain and bleeding while passing stools. The significant signs of anal fissures include a burning or itching sensation with passing stool, sharp pain while passing stool, fresh, red blood in the stool, anal muscle spasms, and a lump on the skin near the tear. The factors responsible for causing anal fissures include chronic diarrhea, chronic constipation, and straining to defecate, infant dyschezia, diaper rash, obstructed defecation syndrome, childbirth, penetration, STIs, prior surgeries, inflammatory bowel disease, tuberculosis, and anal cancer. The complications of anal fissures, if left untreated, include anal stenosis, fecal impaction, and anal fistula. To manage anal fissures, there are various treatment methods, such as taking medications like nitroglycerin ointment, calcium channel blockers, Botox, and bulk laxatives, and surgeries like internal sphincterotomy.










