Cervical incompetence :
Cervical incompetence is also called an incompetent cervix. Usually, the cervix remains closed during the pregnancy, and by the end of the pregnancy, it shortens, softens, and opens, allowing the baby to be born through the vagina. In this condition, there is an early opening of the cervix due to a weakened and shortened cervix, leading to miscarriage or premature birth of the baby. The signs of an incompetent cervix are not seen, but some are pelvic pressure with pain, back pain, vaginal discharge with spotting of blood, and stomach cramps. This cervical incompetence is diagnosed through a pelvic examination and transvaginal ultrasound scan. Based on how severe the condition, the treatment is planned. The treatment options for cervical incompetence are cervical cerclage, supplements of progesterone, and a device called a pessary is inserted inside the uterus to hold and to retain the pregnancy. To prevent this condition, one must seek regular checkups with a doctor, be careful about gaining weight, consuming a healthy diet, avoiding smoking and alcohol.