Dandruff :
Dandruff is one of the most common scalp condition that causes flaking and usually causes itching. This is when the scalp is doing the extra dead skin cells sloughing. The most frequent causes are a fungal infection by Malassezia, seborrhea dermatitis or dryness of the scalp skin or hair products allergies. Dandruff is also a symptom caused due to stress, bad hygiene or bad shampooing habits. Symptoms of dandruff are white flakes in hair or on shoulders, itchy scalp and occasionally redness or irritation. Dandruff itself is not contagious or life-threatening but it may make the patient socially awkward or uncomfortable. Chronic dandruff is treated rather than cured. Shampoos with anti-dandruff agents such as zinc pyrithione, ketoconazole or salicylic acid are also prescribed to control flaking and itching. Scalp hygiene, a proper diet and less stress are beneficial in the long term for prevention. If chronic dandruff persists, the patient should consult a dermatologist as this paves way for other skin disorders. If well attended to, dandruff is controllable and the scalp can be kept healthy.