Osteoporosis :
Osteoporosis causes the decrease in bone density and bones become brittle which leads to easy fracture of the bones. Most affected bones are wrist, hip, spine . Signs and Symptoms include bent posture leads to decreased in height, back pain, lack of flexibility, weakness, increasing risk of fracture. Risk factors are Menopause women, Age after 50s both men and women , Autoimmune disorders, Long term using of corticosteroids,(PPI) proton pump inhibitors, certain medication used to prevent seizures, GERD, cancer,Poor dietary habits including low calcium intake, eating disorders, surgery of gastrointestinal Tract.
Diagnosed by Bone density test (DEXA Scan), x ray, ultrasound, MRI . Treated with Bisphosphonates to reduce the bone density loss, Denosumab to maintain and increase the bone density, hormonal therapy for regulating hormones, Pain killers like NSAIDs for local pain, life style changes include stop smoking, alcohol consumption,Intake of calcium supplements,multi vitamins,intake of calcium rich foods like milk,green vegetables and involve in mild exercise to help in joint movement.