Osteoporosis :
Osteoporosis is described as a skeletal disease that weakens the bones of the wrists, hips, and spine. The presenting complaints of osteoporosis include losing an inch or more of height, changes in the natural posture, lower back pain, and shortness of breath. The risk factors associated with osteoporosis include a similar family history, old age, especially in women after the menopause, and tobacco smoking. The causative factors of osteoporosis include certain medications and medical conditions like endocrine disorders affecting parathyroid glands and thyroid gland such as thyroid diseases and diabetes, gastrointestinal diseases like celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease, blood diseases like multiple myeloma and autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis. Calcium or vitamin deficiency and regular consumption of alcohol are also responsible for causing osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is managed by various methods like taking vitamins and mineral supplements, using medications like hormone therapies, and exercising regularly.








