Pap Smear :
A Pap smear is a test carried out during examination for cervical cancer in women by studying abnormal cells on the cervix of women. In doing so, the doctor will gently scrub or brush to catch a few cells of the cervix and then study the same under the lens of a microscope. Such screening detects abnormal changes in cells caused by human papillomavirus, one of the leading causes of cervical carcinoma and other infections. A Pap smear is almost painless, though it can cause some women some minor discomfort or cramping. In India, regular Pap smears would greatly reduce the cervical cancer rates through the detection of early abnormalities which can then be treated better. The point is early detection and a normal result will usually require no further action. but at the time of the next screening if an abnormal result is deduced, it might warrant for further additional tests or follow-up.