Trachoma :
Trachoma is a direct infection usually affecting the eyes by bacteria. It contributes to a large percentage of preventable blindness cases in many parts of the world. It usually occurs in countries with poor sanitation, overcrowding, and lack of access to clean water. It is transferred directly from an infected person's eye discharge and some items like towels, and other species of flies that land on their eyes.
The early symptoms of trachoma include eye itching, faint irritation, and discharge. After some time repeated infection begins to scar up the inner eyelid, or in other words, the lid turns inwards. This action causes the leading edges of the eyelashes to rub against the cornea and will eventually blind if not treated.
Treatment is administered through antibiotics, for instance, azithromycin in a bid to wipe out the infection. In nearly eliminated cases, surgery can be undertaken in an attempt to correct deformities of the eyelid. Proper hygiene, clean water supply, and sanitation also check the spread of this disease.