Hydronephrosis :
Hydronephrosis is a kidney disease that affects the kidneys, causing an accumulation of urine and swelling of the kidneys. Hydronephrosis will be caused by the blockage of tubes (ureters) that are present in the kidneys, which will be used to drain the urine. The hydronephrosis will be caused due to several reasons, such as blockage of ureters, narrowed ureter, pregnancy, kidney stones, enlarged prostate, urinary tract infection, and cancer in the cervix, prostate, colon, or bladder. There will be no symptoms that are seen in hydronephrosis, usually. The symptoms that can be seen include pain during urination, vomiting, stomach upset, fever, blood in urine, weight loss, and failure to thrive in the case of infants. The diagnosis of hydronephrosis will be done through urine tests, X-ray, blood tests, and an ultrasound scan. The major treatment of hydronephrosis will be medication to relieve pain, and surgical treatment is advised to clear the blockage. Surgery will be indicated in other conditions like kidney stones, an enlarged prostate, and cancer.



