Hydronephrosis :
Hydronephrosis is a condition characterized by swelling of the kidney due to urine buildup. The presenting complaints of hydronephrosis include sudden onset of pain in the abdomen, pain while urinating, nausea, vomiting, presence of urinary tract infection, urinating less or more than usual, and difficulty in urinating. Hydronephrosis occurs as a result of tumors in the bladder, uterus and prostate gland, ureteral obstruction, kidney stones, narrowing of the urinary tract, nerve problems that affect kidneys, vesicoureteral reflux, ureterocele, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urinary retention. Hydronephrosis in women is also caused due to pregnancy, uterine prolapse and cystocele. The risk factors for hydronephrosis are blood clots, past surgeries in urinary tract, enlarged prostate, history cancer in urinary tract, kidney stones and pregnancy inducing the uterus to put pressure on pelvis. One should visit a doctor if they have symptoms like sudden intense pain in back or side, changes in urination like observing blood in urine or urinating more or less than regular along with vomiting and fever more than 100.5 degree Fahrenheit.