Cystitis :
Infection in the bladder leads to inflammation of bladder which is known as cystitis. Some of the factors which add for the formation of cystitis are certain medications , exposure to certain chemicals, hygiene and other underlying diseases like hypertension , diabetes mellitus and immunocompromised diseases. Some of the symptoms of cystitis are abdominal pain , pain during intercourse, urgency to urinate , foul smell of the urine, fever with chills and rigors, nausea , vomiting and blood in urine. Diagnosis of cystitis is done by cystoscopy , x ray and ultrasound. Treatment of cystitis include antibiotics, and surgery (if required). Staying hydrated and avoiding drinks with caffeine are the ways to prevent cystitis.