Azoospermia :
Azoospermia is a condition in which there is no sperm present in the testicles for ejaculation during reproduction. There will be three types of azoospermia, which include testicular azoospermia, post-testicular azoospermia, and pretesticular azoospermia. The azoospermia will occur due to obstruction, and some other causes will be hormonal imbalances and genetics. The blockage will occur due to many problems, such as infections, trauma to the testicles, retrograde ejaculation, inflammation, vasectomy, cysts, cystic fibrosis, and past surgeries in the pelvic region. Usually, the symptoms will not appear in case of azoospermia, and it is known only when trying for pregnancy. The diagnosis of azoospermia will be done based on semen analysis, blood tests to check the levels of hormones such as testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormones, ultrasound of the scrotum, X-rays, and genetic testing. Azoospermia will be managed with counselling and genetic testing, and surgical treatment is advised to supplement hormones, retrieve sperm for use in assisted reproductive technology to cause the pregnancy, and unlock the ducts.












