Pacemaker - Heart :
A pacemaker is a device inserted surgically in a patient's body that helps in supporting the electrical system of the heart and also stabilizes abnormal heart rhythms. Pacemakers are indicated for patients suffering from heart conditions such as disruptions of the heart's electrical system, such as heart blocks, heart failure, for patients with a history of heart attack and certain heart arrhythmias. The significant signs for which a patient would be recommended of a pacemaker include problems such as tachycardia, bradycardia, chest pain, irregular heartbeat, heart palpitations, dizziness, nausea, unexplained confusion, swelling in ankles, legs and abdomen, shortness of breath, and the need to urinate multiple times at night. Pacemakers are categorized into several types such as single chamber pacemaker, dual chamber pacemaker, leadless pacemaker and biventricular pacemaker. Depending on the type of pacemaker being used, the insertion of the pacemaker into the body is done through various techniques, namely, transvenous approach, catheter-based approach and surgical approach.












