Hydrocephalus :
Hydrocephalus is the excessive building up of cerebro spinal fluid (CSF) within cavities of the brain. This excess fluid causes the cavities of brain called ventricles to widen, which puts harmful pressure on the tissues of the brain. Hydrocephalus can happen at any age, but it's incidence is more among infants and adults who are 60 and older. This accumulation of cerebro- spinal fluid within the brain typically causes an increase in pressure inside the skull.
Elder people may experience symptoms like headaches, loss of control over urination, double vision or blurring of vision, poor balance,personality changes, or mental impairment. In infants, it can be noticed as a sudden increase in head size. Other symptoms may include sleepiness, seizures, vomiting and pupil of the eyes pointing downwards. Diagnosis of hydrocephalus is done by clinical examination and tests involving CSF examination and imaging techniques like CT and MRI. Treatment includes external ventricular drainage and cerebral shunt.