Ventricular Septal Defect :
If there is a hole between the two ventricles of the heart, it is called a ventricular septal defect. Due to a ventricular septal defect, the course of the blood changes, and the oxygenated blood goes back into the lungs rather than going to the different organs of the body, which results in an increase in the pressure of the lungs and makes it harder for the heart to pump the blood. It is mostly found in children, and small ventricular septal defects close on their own over a period of time. Patients with VSD might experience poor intake of food, extreme fatigue, extreme breathing while crying or playing, severe shortness of breath even on minimal exertion, and discoloration. Children born with VSD might also be associated with some other cardiac diseases like coarctation of the aorta, tetralogy of Fallot, etc. Mostly, VSDs are congenital. Pregnant ladies with VSD should be extra cautious. Diagnosis of VSD is made by a 2D echocardiogram, chest x-ray, cardiac catheterization, and MRI. Treatment includes VSD closure surgery or intervention. Lifestyle modifications would be advised.