Undescended testis :
Undescended testicles, also known as cryptorchidism, refer to the testicle that doesn't move down to the scrotum before birth. It is seen more in premature babies than full-term infants. It may caused by abnormal anatomy, hormonal problems, down syndrome, low birth weight, or a family history of genital development. Factors that influence the formation of undescended testicles are a mother with diabetes, obesity, cigarette smoking, and alcohol during pregnancy. The absence of a testicle in the scrotum is the main symptom. It doesn't affect the baby's ability to pee. Complications of undescended testicles are testicular cancer, testicular torsion, inguinal hernia, and hypogonadism. Diagnosis is made by physical examination and pelvic ultrasound. Treatment includes orchiopexy, which can move down the testicle into the scrotum.