Uterine Fibroids :

TYPES OF UTERINE FIBROIDS

Uterine fibroids can be classified into five types based on where they develop within the uterus:

1. Intramural fibroids grow within the muscular wall of the uterus.
2. Submucosal fibroids develop just beneath the lining of the uterus
3. Subserosal fibroids grow on the outer layers of the uterus.
4. Pedunculated fibroids grow on the outer surface of the uterus and are attached to it by a stalk-like structure.
5. Cervical fibroids develop in the cervix.

CAUSES FOR UTERINE FIBROIDS

Although many studies have been conducted on uterine fibroids, the exact cause of this condition is still unknown. However, the most suggested and possible causes include the following:

• Hormonal imbalances
• Having a first-degree relative with uterine fibroids (such as a mother, aunt, or sister)
• Being obese or overweight

SYMPTOMS

Most fibroids are asymptomatic, but a small percentage of individuals may develop severe symptoms, such as:

• Heavy and prolonged bleeding within the normal menstrual cycle (menorrhagia)
• Heaviness in the pelvic area
• Frequent urination due to pressure on the bladder
• Lower back pain
• Pain during sex
• Reproductive problems, such as premature deliveries, multiple miscarriages, and infertility issues.

DIAGNOSIS

Many women with uterine fibroids do not experience any symptoms and may not be aware of the condition until it is diagnosed. During regular visits, a gynecologist may perform a pelvic exam to determine the presence of fibroids.

Further diagnostic tests may be carried out by the doctor to confirm the diagnosis, which may typically include a blood test and imaging evaluation through transvaginal ultrasound or MRI.

These tests provide detailed images that help to detect any fibroids, tumors or other abnormalities in the reproductive system.

TREATMENT

Fibroids can be treated using different techniques while taking various factors into consideration, such as the age of an individual and how close they are to reaching menopause, the kind of symptoms developed, and the severity of the condition. The size and site of the fibroids are also important factors to consider.

If an individual has asymptomatic fibroids, there is no need for medical intervention. In mild cases, the doctor may suggest a few medications to balance hormones, ease pain, and control heavy bleeding during periods. However, in moderate and severe conditions, the doctor may recommend surgical treatment based on the severity of the condition. The types of surgical treatments to treat uterine fibroids may include:

• Myomectomy : This surgery removes fibroids without harming healthy uterine tissue.
• Fibroid ablation : This procedure uses heat energy to reduce or shrink the size of fibroids. It is also known as radiofrequency ablation and is best suited for individuals with small fibroids. This process does not completely remove the fibroids, which may increase the chance of recurrence in the future.
• Uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) : Also known as uterine artery embolization (UAE), this process involves blocking the blood vessels that supply blood to the fibroids by injecting gel or plastic particles into them, causing them to shrink.
• Hysterectomy : In severe cases, the complete removal of the uterus may be recommended.

PRE OPERATION PREPARATION

Prior to uterine fibroids surgery, medical professionals advise individuals to carefully follow a few instructions for pre-operation preparation. These steps may include:

• Avoid eating or drinking anything for at least 6-7 hours before surgery.
• Inform your doctor about any medication or supplementation you are currently taking. If necessary, the doctor may instruct you to stop taking it before the surgery.
• Stop smoking for at least 4-5 weeks before surgery, as it may slow down the recovery process and cause issues during and after surgery.
• Ensure that you empty your bowel before going to the hospital. The doctor may provide additional instructions if necessary.
• Take a shower before going to the hospital, and wash the area thoroughly with antiseptic soap. Avoid using any creams or lotions, and wear comfortable, loose clothing.

RISKS AFTER UTERINE FIBROIDS TREATMENT :

It is important to note that while Uterine Fibroids surgery is generally considered to be a safe procedure, as with any surgery, there are some risks involved. Some of the complications that may arise from a Uterine Fibroids surgery include:

• Anesthesia risks
• Excessive bleeding
• Recurrence of the fibroids
• Infection
• Healing problems
• Scarring
• In some cases, it may prevent future pregnancies.

For the management of symptomatic Uterine fibroids, medical professionals may recommend a combination of hormonal therapies and laparoscopic surgery. Additionally, modifying your diet and lifestyle to target the current symptoms may also be helpful.

HOW TO CHOOSE THE HOSPITAL AND THE DOCTOR FOR UTERINE FIBROIDS TREATMENT ?

When it comes to choosing the right hospital and doctor for the treatment of uterine fibroids, it's important to look for certain things. First and foremost, find a hospital that offers advanced medical and surgical treatments for uterine fibroids, provided by experienced specialists. Additionally, it's helpful to consider factors such as travel convenience, post-surgery follow-up services, and health insurance coverage.

To find a qualified doctor, it's recommended that you choose a gynecologist and obstetrician or a laparoscopic surgeon who specializes in treating uterine fibroids and has significant experience in the field. Fortunately, Skedoc is a platform that can help you find the best hospital and the top doctor for treating uterine fibroids.