Dental Implants :

WHAT ARE DENTAL IMPLANTS?

Dental implants refer to prostheses strategically placed into a patient's gum line to substitute damaged or infected teeth. These implants are typically made from metallic or ceramic materials, including titanium, glassy carbon, and zirconia, commonly used in commercial dental implants.

Their primary purpose is to act as artificial tooth roots, supporting restoration in cases of missing teeth and aiding in preventing jaw bone loss. A dental implant is an interface between the jaw's bone and a dental prosthesis such as a crown, bridge, denture, or facial prosthesis.

Additionally, it can also function as an anchor for orthodontic purposes.

SYMPTOMS AND CONDITIONS TREATED

Tooth loss can negatively impact one's confidence and eating habits. Dental implants can help restore one's ability to enjoy favorite foods, provide stability and support, and preserve the jaw bone by preventing bone loss. Dental implants also offer aesthetic benefits and improve oral functionality.

WHEN DO PATIENTS NEED DENTAL IMPLANTS? (INDICATIONS)

1. Missing teeth due to cavities, tooth root fractures, bruxism, gum disease, or facial injury
2. Congenital missing teeth.
3. Loose dentures or partials.
4. Infected teeth requiring extraction.
5. Loose bridges.
6. Sunken-in facial appearance.
7. Tired of messy denture adhesives and care.
8. Broken or severely cracked teeth.
9. Insecurity about smiles with dentures, partials, or bridges.
10. Difficulty chewing due to missing teeth.

TYPES OF DENTAL IMPLANTS

1. Endosteal implants are commonly used and involve placing screws, cylinders, or blades into the jawbone. They are recommended for patients with bridges or dentures and provide a secure fit and natural appearance.
2. Subperiosteal implants are an alternative for those unable to wear regular dentures and lack sufficient bone height. They are positioned on top of the jaw with posts extending through the gum to secure the implant.
3. Zygomatic implants are for patients with extensive bone loss in the upper jaw. They are longer and placed at an angle into the cheekbone as a permanent upper bridge to replace missing teeth.

PREPARATION FOR SURGERY

Before the dental implant procedure:

• Provide your dentist with an up-to-date list of medications and supplements you are taking. Mention if you carry a blood thinner or have specific heart conditions or orthopedic implants. Your doctor may prescribe antibiotics before the surgery to minimize the risk of infection.
• A thorough radiographic examination, including CBCT scans and creating models of your teeth and jaw, will be conducted.
• Undergo a full mouth deep scaling before the implant surgery.
• Before the procedure, you will receive instructions to refrain from eating or drinking for several hours. Wear comfortable clothing and refrain from consuming alcohol and smoking for at least one week before the surgery.

PROCEDURE

The first step is to assess whether your jawbone is healthy enough for an implant. This process can take between three and nine months and involves evaluating your teeth, gums, and jawbone.

ADMINISTRATION OF LOCAL ANESTHESIA

Dental implant surgery is typically performed as an outpatient procedure. The process starts with the administration of local anesthesia. It is essential to note that everyone's experience with dental implant surgery may be different.

The dental implantation process consists of several stages and can take several months to complete.

• The first stage involves preparing the jaw for implantation by drilling a small hole into the edentulous jaw sites, where there are no teeth, to guide the titanium implant fixture. In some cases, dentists use surgical guides created from CT scans to help accurately place the implants.
• The second stage is implant placement. After drilling the initial pilot hole into the suitable jaw site, the hole is gradually expanded to facilitate the insertion of the implant screw. Once the screw is in place, the gum tissue surrounding it is carefully secured, and a protective cover screw is placed on the top to promote healing and osseointegration at the site.
• The third stage is abutment placement. After up to six months of the healing process, the dentist will reveal the implant and connect an abutment, which supports the crown or tooth-like replacement.
• The final stage is crown placement. Once the abutment is in position, the dentist will create either a temporary or permanent crown. In some instances, the permanent crown can be crafted on the same day as the abutment placement. The temporary crown acts as a model, allowing the gum to grow and conform naturally if necessary. The procedure concludes when the temporary crown is replaced with the final crown.

AFTER THE PROCEDURE

Dental implants are usually performed as outpatient procedures at dental clinics, involving a series of steps. Whether you have dental implant surgery in one stage or multiple stages, you may experience some typical discomforts associated with any type of dental surgery, such as swelling of your gums and face, pain at the implant site, bruising of your skin and gums, and minor bleeding.

ESTIMATED RECOVERY DAYS

Most individuals can return to their routine within approximately three days after following the guidelines provided by their healthcare professional. However, the duration of dental implant recovery may differ, and after 7-10 days, patients can return to their usual diet. However, they should still avoid tough foods, like whole fruits and steaks, until the process is complete.

RECOVERY AND POSTOPERATIVE CARE

After the procedure, it is essential to adhere to specific postoperative care and recovery measures such as:

• MEDICATIONS : Take all the prescribed medications, including antibiotics and pain medicine.
• REMAINING THE DAY : Avoid spitting and using a straw for the first 24 hours of the procedure. Drink straight from the cup or glass and keep your fingers and tongue away from the surgical area.
• ORAL HYGIENE : rinsing with warm water and brushing gently the next day, being mindful of the surgical sites.
• POST-DENTAL IMPLANT DIET : Consume soft food items like smoothies, soup, etc. Foods to be avoided include caffeine, candy, soft drinks, alcohol, and foods with high acidic content, like pizza and burgers.

RISKS AND COMPLICATIONS

Dental implant surgery is typically a safe procedure, and the majority of individuals encounter no complications. However, like any surgical procedure, it possesses certain risks and complications, such as :

1. Infection : Similar to any other oral procedure, dental implant surgery carries a potential risk of infection.
2. Sinus Damage : One significant risk associated with dental implants is the possibility of sinus damage. Placing an implant in the upper jaw can increase the chances of sinus complications.
3. Nerve Damage : Implant surgery has the potential to cause nerve damage. Before the procedure, your dentist should conduct X-rays to accurately locate the nerves in your mouth and minimize the risk
4. Improper Implant Placement : If the implant is not placed correctly, it can lead to severe complications, resulting in pain and discomfort. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure proper angulation during the placement process.
5. Allergic reaction to titanium (extremely rare)

SUCCESS RATE OF THE PROCEDURE

Various factors can influence the success of a dental implant, including age, bone density, the type of implant, and the level of maintenance and care. Research studies have consistently shown a high success rate of dental implants, ranging from 90 to 95 percent over ten years.

HOW TO CHOOSE A HOSPITAL FOR DENTAL IMPLANT SURGERY

When selecting a hospital for dental implant surgery, it is crucial to make an informed decision. Here are some tips to assist you:

1. Research : Seek out hospitals specializing in dental implant surgery with a reputable track record. Recommendations from your dentist or acquaintances who have undergone the procedure can also be helpful.
2. Experience : Opt for a hospital with skilled dental implant surgeons and staff. Before finalizing your decision, verify their credentials and experience.
3. Technology : Look for hospitals utilizing cutting-edge technology and equipment for dental implant surgery. This can lead to improved outcomes and quicker recovery times.
4. Location : Choose a hospital that is conveniently situated and easily accessible to minimize travel time and facilitate attendance at follow-up appointments.

HOW TO CHOOSE A SURGEON FOR DENTAL IMPLANT SURGERY

When choosing a surgeon for dental implant surgery, several factors must be considered. Some factors you can assess are Experience, Training, Certification by a recognized dental association, and Positive reviews and references.

COST OF DENTAL IMPLANT SURGERY

The cost of dental implant surgery is influenced by several factors, including the number of implants needed, the type of implant, the cost of diagnostic tests, and the dentist's fee. The average price for a single-tooth dental implant surgery in India typically falls between INR 35,000 to INR 50,000. The average cost for a complete mouth implant treatment can vary between INR 150,000 and INR 300,000.

The provided cost is merely an approximation, and the actual expense of the treatment will differ based on the selected facility and technique employed.