D and C :
D and C are also known as dilation and curettage, a surgical procedure done by gynaecologist. It is used to remove the uterus tissue. The names D and C indicate dilation of the cervix and a curette to scrape the wall of the uterus. It is usually indicated after abortion and miscarriage, where parts of the placenta in the uterus are left after childbirth and to treat irregular uterine bleeding. D&C is performed to determine the cause of uterine bleeding or abnormal bleeding from the uterus and to detect cancer and infertility problems. It is caused by the presence of fibroid tumors, polyps, cancer of the endometrium and uterus, and hormonal imbalance. Tissues obtained can be examined under a microscope. Risks of the procedure include heavy bleeding, infection, perforation of the uterine wall and adhesions inside the uterus, painful belly, large blood clots from the vagina, severe abdominal cramps and unusual vaginal discharge.