Renal Failure :
Renal failure indicates improper or loss of kidney function. It can occur suddenly, known as acute kidney failure/acute renal injury or be long standing issue, known as chronic kidney failure/ end stage renal disease. During the progression of renal failure, reduction in glomerular filtration rate is noted. It can be classified by five stages of disease progression based on GFR values. The most common signs and symptoms to watch out for are generalized fatigue, urinary problems, skin irritation, gastrointestinal or memory concerns and poor appetite with metallic taste. It is prevalent in population who have history of metabolic disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, family history of kidney diseases and prolonged exposure to NSAIDS/ steroids. A nephrologist thoroughly investigates by conducting relevant blood/urine/imaging studies. Depending on the stage of kidney failure, the treatment varies from medical management to dialysis to kidney transplantation.