Abortion :
Miscarriages occur due to many reasons like chromosomal abnormalities, genetic abnormalities, obesity, maternal infections , first pregnancy, hormonal imbalance, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, PCOS, PID (pelvic inflammatory disease), tuberculosis, etc. Signs and symptoms include vaginal bleeding or also known as spotting , abdominal pain or severe cramping , weakness or fainting, pelvic discomfort and pain etc. Diagnosis of abortions is mostly by prenatal ultrasound (often there is missing fetal heartbeat), blood tests like levels of beta HCG , progesterone etc. Management can be medical abortion (medications), surgical abortion and postoperative care.