Duodenal Ulcer :
Duodenal ulcer is a gastrointestinal condition in which an ulcer develops in the duodenum which continues after stomach and is the proximal part of the small intestine. Duodenal ulcer is a component of PUD ( peptic ulcer diasease ie,.gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers). The classical symptom and presentation of the patient with duodenal ulcer is the pain in the upper abdomen which is relieved after taking food (unlike gastric ulcer which is worsened after taking food), nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite,bloating, bleeding in the lumen of the gut due to perforation of the ulcer, black tarry stools etc . The causes for duodenal ulcer includes helicobacter pylori or H. pylori bacterial infection(most common), genetic predisposition, smoking, NSAIDs, alcohol consumption, excessive acid production, stress etc,. Management includes lifestyle modifications,antibiotics, antacids , PPI's, H2 blockers and surgical intervention if necessary.