D and C :
D and C is called as dilation and curettage. D and C is a procedure which involves removal of tissues from uterus due to several reasons. D and C is necessary in the cases of miscarriage, parts of placenta are left out in uterus post the child birth, and abortion. D and C mandatory procedure to be done in these cases to avoid any bleeding and further risk of infections. D and C is also used in cases of diagnosing and treating of irregular bleeding in uterus which may cause fibroids, infection, and even uterine cancer. This procedure is also done in case of removing polyps, cysts, and tumors. D and C is performed under anesthesia such as regional or local or general anesthesia, then an instrument called speculum is inserted into vagina to open the cervix and dilators are used which are thin metal rods stretches the cervix wide to remove the remnant tissues from uterus with a curette which is a spoon shaped scraping instrument.