Cystoscopy :
Cystoscopy is a procedure where a thin tube with a camera and light on one end called a cystoscope is inserted through the urethra and into the bladder to visualize bladder tissue that is displayed on screen. Cystoscopy can diagnose urethral cancer, bladder stones, bladder control problems, benign prostatic hyperplasia, interstitial cystitis, urinary fistulas, urethral strictures, and urinary tract infections. Cystoscopy is recommended for conditions like urinary retention, bladder stones, blood in pee, and painful urination. Types of cystoscopes are flexible cystoscope and rigid cystoscope. Complications of cystoscopy are infection, bladder spasms, leakage of pee, and painful cramps, damage to the bladder and urethra, like scarring and narrowing. Symptoms of a severe complication include difficulty in urinating, the presence of blood clots in urine, abdominal pain, nausea, fever, pelvic pain, and a burning sensation with cloudy urine.