Vaginal Prolapse :
Vaginal prolapse is protruding of pelvic organs like the bladder, uterus, or rectum into the vagina due to weakened support of structures (muscles and other tissues,ligaments) . Various risk factors for vaginal prolapse /pelvic organ prolapse include childbirth, aging, obesity, chronic coughing, or heavy lifting. Symptoms of vaginal prolapse include vaginal bulging, urinary issues, pelvic pressure, urinary incontinence , constipation, back pain, difficulty with bowel movements, and discomfort during intercourse. Vaginal prolapse is diagnosed with a pelvic examination to assess the extent of prolapse, voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG), defecography (if rectal prolapse is suspected). Pelvic ultrasound can also be done for urodynamic studies.
Treatment involves pelvic floor exercises, lifestyle changes, vaginal pessaries (devices to support the vagina) and surgery for severe cases depending on severity and symptoms ranging from. Complications like recurrent prolapse, infections, and emotional distress can also occur. Preventive strategies include pelvic exercises, weight management, avoiding heavy lifting and treat conditions that cause chronic coughing.